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Setting the Stage for the
Progressive Period
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1859
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John Brown attempts to
start slave insurrection at Harper’s Ferry, West Virginia
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1859
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Darwin publishes Origin of Species
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1859
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Death of
Horace Mann, birth of
John Dewey
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1867
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U.S. Office of
Education established
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1869
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Susan B.
Anthony and Elizabeth Cady Stanton organize the National Woman Suffrage
Association
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1873
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Influenced
by German pedagogical theory, St.
Louis schools establish the first public kindergartens
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1875
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Alexander
Graham Bell patents telephone
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1879
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Edison invents
first practical electric lamp
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1880s
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1881
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New
York Trade Schools are privately organized to provide vocational training
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1885
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Beginning
of the “new immigration”
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1886
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Statue of
Liberty is dedicated in New York Harbor
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1886
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American
Federation of Labor is organized
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1886
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Bomb explodes in Haymarket Square, Chicago, killing and
wounding over 80 police and workers
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1888
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Edward Bellamy
publishes Looking Backward, 2000–1887
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1889
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The Wall Street
Journal is established
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1890s
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1890
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Sherman Anti‑Trust
Act is passed
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1893
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The
National Educational Association’s Committee of Ten, chaired by Charles
Eliot, stresses mental discipline as the primary objective of secondary
schooling
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1894
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Pullman
Palace Car Company strike in Chicago, with sympathetic railroad strike in 27
states and territories
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1896
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John Dewey opens his
laboratory school at the University of Chicago
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1896
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New
York City abolishes the ward system of school administration; St. Louis does
so in the following year
Plessy v.
Ferguson, Supreme Court decision supports separate-but-equal laws for blacks
and whites
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1897
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llinois
passes a child labor law barring employment of children under age 14
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1898
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Jane Addams opens
Hull House as immigrant settlement House in Chicago
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1900s
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1901
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J.
P. Morgan organizes U.S. Steel Corporation, the first billion‑dollar
corporation
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1902
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Chinese
Exclusion Act is extended to prohibit Chinese immigrants from the Philippine
Islands
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1903
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Wright brothers achieve first
airplane flight at Kitty Hawk, North Carolina
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1905
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Albert Einstein
proposes special theory of relativity and the equation E = mc2
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1905
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The 4‑H
movement to educate rural children in the essentials of modern agriculture is
established in Oregon
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1907
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All but
nine states, all of which are in the South, now have compulsory attendance
laws
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1908
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Henry Ford introduces Model T
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1910s
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1910
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Ella Flagg Young becomes the first
woman president of NEA
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1910
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National Association for
the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) is formed.
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1912
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Maria
Montessori publishes The Montessori Method for Early Childhood Education
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1917
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Congress
passes law requiring literacy test for all immigrants
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1917
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Smith‑Hughes
Act provides federal money for vocational education
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1918
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NEA’s Cardinal
Principles of Secondary Education stresses social efficiency and development
of personality as the primary objectives of secondary schooling
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1919
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Progressive
Education Association is established
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1920s
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1920
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League
of Woman Voters formed in Chicago to educate women in the use of the vote and
improve the economic, political, and social conditions of the country
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1920
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19th
Amendment is passed giving women in the United States the right to vote
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